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Article 48 (Weimar Constitution)
Article 48 of the constitution of the Weimar Republic of Germany (1919–1933) allowed the President, under certain circumstances, to take emergency measures without the prior consent of the ''Reichstag''. This power was understood to include the promulgation of "emergency decrees (''ドイツ語:Notverordnungen'')".〔Singular, ''ドイツ語:Notverordnung''.〕
==Interpretation==
The text of the Article did not precisely define the kind of emergency that would justify its usage, and did not expressly give the President the power to enact, issue or otherwise promulgate legislation. However, such an inherent Presidential legislative power is fairly implied, since the Article expressly gives the Reichstag the power to cancel the emergency decree by a simple majority vote, and this parliamentary power implies that the issuance of the decree could, by its express terms or its operation, impinge on the Reichstag's constitutional function.〔 ("''Mommsen''")(confirming that only a simple majority of Reichstag was necessary to overturn an emergency decree)〕
Article 48 required the President to inform the Reichstag immediately of the issuance of the emergency decree and gave the Reichstag the power to nullify the emergency decree by simple majority action. The Reichsrat, or upper house, was not involved in this process at all.〔 If the Reichstag nullified the decree, the President could in effect counter-retaliate under Article 25, and dissolve the Reichstag and call for new elections within 60 days.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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